Internal-combustion engine.



W. H. HOLLOPETER. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 16, 1907.

Patented June 29, 1909.

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A TTORNEYS ['VIYNES W. H. HOLLOPETER.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 16, 1907.

926,564. Patented June 29, 1909:

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luuenfoz fin? w H i Stratumsecured to each side support on the top.

ing at Portland, in the county of Multnoniah shaft driven by WILLIAM H.HOLLOPETER,

FICE.

or PORTLAND, OREGON.

INTERNAL-COMB USTION ENGINE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 29, 1908.

Application filed July 16, 1907. Serial No. 388,994.

To altwhom it may concern:

.Be it known that I, VVILLIAM ll. lloLLo- PETER, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residand State of Oregon, have invented a new and usefulInternal-Combustion Engine, of wliiich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an explosion or internal combustion engine ofthe four cycle; type, which is designed to give a variable speed to thedriving shaft with constant power.

One object of this invention is to provide a mechanism by means of whichthe speed of a an internal combustion engine may be gradually changedfrom. an extremely slow to an extremely rapid rotation, or the reverse,Without the use of changeable speed gearing.

With this and other objects in view the in vention consists of the novelconstruction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter describedand pointed out in the several claims.

In the accompanying drawings:-Figure 1 is aneleva'tion of a portion of amulti-c lindcr internal combustion engine, three cylinders only beingshown operating to revolve the same crank shalt, ore cylinder and partof the frame being iii section. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view onthe line 2--2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an end elevation, partly in sectionof the frame, a portion of a cylinder, and the speed changing mechanism.

Similar numerals o l rclcrcnrc indicate the same parts on. nll thclig'uros.

The numeral indicator; parl' ol the shclcton lraino ol :1.n'iuiii-cylinder explosion or internal combustion engine, comprising twosimilar; vertically placed sidc supports 2 (one only being shown in thedrawing), suitably spaced apart and jlirnily connected together in anywell known manner. l lxtvnding lroni one side support to the other andat corresponding ends thcrcol, is a llat base plate 3 Bolted to the baseplate 3 is an explosion cylinder 5, or, as represented in the drawings,a plurality of such cylinders. The cylinders 5 are common to this typeof engine and need not be described. lurthcr than to say that they areopen. at their innerends, provided with means for coolin and at theirouter ends are to be lound inlet and exhaust Valves, and in eachcylinder an explosion chamber. Within each cylinder is a reciprol eatingpiston 6 operating through a pitman 7, a rocking lever 8 lulcrumed on ashiltable shaft 9. The opposite end ol the rocking lever 8 rotates thedriving shalt 10 by means of a link 1],, pivoted thereto. engaging acrank 12 on said shaft. The sliltable lulcruni shalt 9 is preferablytubular and projects through an inclined slot 13 in each side support 2,one end ol said shalt having socured thereto a worm wheel 14 rotatableby a worm 15 on one end of a telescopic shalt 16, said shalt end beingcarried by a bearing 17 hun on the fulcrum shalt 9 as clearly shown inhigs. 1 and 3. Each end ol the lulcruni shalt turns in a sliding bearing18 situated between upper and lower guide bars 19-2O integral with orattached to the inner lace of each side support .2 on opposite sides ofthe inclined slot 13. On the inner edge ol each guide bar 15) is a rack:21 with which a pinion .22, secured to the fulcrum shalt 9, engages.When therelore, the worm 15 is rotated, the lulcruin shalt turns and atthe same time, through the pinion and rack above described, it movesbodily in the slots 13 toward or lroin the main or crank shalt 10, thedirection of movement depending upon the direction in which the worm isrotated. The slots 13 are inclined downwardly lronr the cylinder towardthe crank shalt at a certain predetermined angle for a purpose to bedescribed later on.

Each rocking lover S is provided with a long longitudinal slot 23 inwhich a sliding bearing box 2-l, carried by the lulcruni shalt 9, isarranged to slide as said shalt is moved. A rack 25 is 'llxcd on oneside ol each rocking lover 8 above the longitudinal slot, with whirh apinion 26, secured on the lulcruni shalt ll, engages. The object ol therack and pinion is to keep the rocking lovcrlroin n1oving cndwisc as thelulcl'uin shalt 9 travels .long the slot :23 to change the leveragealso, to prevent the rocking lcvcr lroin becoming displaced while theengine is running which would happen were not some means em ployed forlocking said lever to the fulcrum shalt, as lor instance, by the teeth01' the ,pinion 26 and rack bar 25.

With the lulcruin shalt 9 in the-position shown in the drawin 's, thelength of piston stroke will be the same as the crank throw, but, as thefulcrum shaft is carried in the direction ol the cylii'rder 5 the lengthof piston stroke becomes shorter, while if the lulcrum shalt be moved inthe opposite direction or toward the crank shaft the piston strokebecomes longer, it )eing understood that the crank throv.

is a constant quantity. The guides in the frame along which the i'uicrumtravels are inclined at such an angle to the length of the rock armswhen the latter are in the median position, that the ratio between thepi ton displacement and the clearance volume remains constant for anylength of stroke. 'EIence the explosive mixture being compressed to thesame degree and the exploded gases having the same expansive ratio, thepressure on the piston at any part of its stroke is the some for allstrokes, and if the resistance to the piston movement does not vary, thepiston speed will remain constant for all strokes, and, s nce the numberof strokes and the speed of the crank vary inversely as the length ofstroke when ,maintaining the same linear speed, it is obvious that thepiston speed may remain constant and develop the same power for anyspeed of crank.

The skeleton frame 1 is preferably covered by a sheet metal casing 7 ito protect and inclose the rock levers, cranks and connecting arts.

T e means for rotating the worm shaft will depend upon the use to whichthe engine isput. One form of operating mechanism is illustrated in Fig.3 where it will be seen that the shaft 16 is made in two parts, a loweror socketed section 27 carrying the worm 15 and seated at one end in thebearing 17 and at the other end in a second bearing 28 attached to theside support 2, and a squared upper section 29 longitudinally movablewithin the socketed member and provided with a bevel gear 30, at itsupper end engaging a larger gear 31 provided; with any convenient meansfor rotating it.

The pistons are lubricated by the force feed system. An annular chamber82 is formed in the piston from which numerous small holes 33 extend tothe outside of the piston and deliver oil between the packing rings 34.A pipe 35 connecting with the annular chain or is arranged to slide witheach movement of the piston, into andout of an oil receptacle 36attached to the engine frame 1. If preferred a flexible tube maybesubstituted for the rigid pipe. A second opening 32' leads from theannular chamber 32 normally closed by a. plug 32 but which is removedwhen the chamber is cieanod.

The operation of the engine will be readily understood from theforegoing description and a detailed recital thereof will not benecessary.

Among the advantages obtained by an engine constructed as above it maybe noted that the speed may be varied gradually and a constant power bemaintained at all speeds which is not possible with internal combustionengines connected directly with the plane at an angle to the len n of tnarm or lever when the latter is 311 ii 1 tion of the structure, a pinionon the fol an adjustable fulcrum shaft for control ot the maximum orhighest 0th in be developed only at as men; are changes of ratios.engine which require etiei more accessible than in eng J i use,Lubrication is applied directly to th required parts instead of coveringthe Miiulfi machine with oil as in the splash system. This gives acleaner engine and makes n blc such adjustments required," cially whenused on automobiles, wither soiling the hands and clothing.

Having described the iLa Bi'iihlll what claimed is 1. In an internalcombustion cu f... crank shaft, 8. piston. 2. rock arm or tween thecrank shaft and. the pist on the rock arm or lever, a mo ble for therock arm or lever ed position, and adjusting means crum locking thelatter to the roe ve-r against displacement from ad tions, comprising apinion carried by crum in engagement with the rack on rock erm, a shaftcarrying the pinion, on other pinion on the shaft, s rack on a lixedvportion of the engine eng ged by the it named pinion, and means forrotating the sh aft carrying the pinions.

2. in an internal combustion engine, a power cylinder, 2. piston, acrank shr slotted rock arm or lever between said piston and crank shaft,9. ra carried by rock arm or lever, an adjustable fulcrum slidsble insaid rock arm or lever, shaft can o the sliding fulcrum, a reel: carriedby a ti l per shaft engaging said fir d rack, moans i'or ro toting saidfulcrum sluiit, another pinion on the fulcrum shaft and engaging; therack on the rock arm or leye r.

3. In an internal. combustion eng power cylinder, :2. piston ii PNlIl,shaft, a rock arm or lever l -.=;-ueon s: 'd T and the crank shaft,au'adj .a shaft for said rock arm or f l i (i crank for rotating saidfulcrum shaft.

4. An internal combustion engine ('fifl prising a plurality cl explosioncylin istons therein, a crauli shaft, rock a overs between the crankshaft and arms or levers and means for simu 2111118 01 C-VSI'S 5. Aninternal combust on engine comprising a plurality of power cylinders,pistons therein, a crank shaft, a slotted rock arm or lever between eachof said istons and the crank shaft, a fulcrum s iaft extending throughthe slots in all of the rock arms or levers, a rack baron each rock armor lever, a rack bar on a fixed portion of the engine, pinions on saidfulcrum shaft and engaging the rack bars on the rock arms or levers andon the fixed portion of the engine, and means for rotating said fulcrumshaft to simultaneously change the pivotal points of all the rock armsor levers.

6. An internal combustion engine comprising aplurality of powercylinders, pistons therein, a crank shaft, a slotted rock arm or leverbetween each of said istons and the crank shaft, a fulcrum s aftextending through the slots in all of the rock arms or levers, a rackbar on each rock arm or lever, a rack bar on a fixed portion of theengine, sald WILLIAM H. HOLLOPETER.

lNitnesses:

HOWARD SHIREMAN PAUL S. Fuons.

